• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT510097A1
    申请号:T10112010
    申请日:2010-06-18
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:Martin Arnold；Elmar Mattes
    申请人:Minebea Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method for measuring the alignment of a shaft with respect to a
    reference surface
    Field of the invention
    The invention relates to a method for measuring the orientation of the axis of rotation of a shaft with respect to a reference surface according to the preamble of claim 1
    State of the art
    In the manufacture of rotating parts, for example, for electric motors, there is the problem of the rotor, so the hub, to mount coaxially with the shaft. Here, the axis of rotation of the shaft should coincide with the axis of rotation of the hub, so that the rotor component has as possible no impact.
    It is known to measure the concentricity of rotors by means of a device with touching Tastnadein and manual or automatic rotation of the rotor, especially in miniaturized spindle motors, it may occur that the tolerances of the measuring chain of the entire measurement setup are greater than the tolerances allowed to be measured parts. The acquisition of accurate measurement data is therefore often dependent on the operator and not objectively assessed. Absolute measurements that would provide a quantitative statement about the assembly of shaft and hub are not possible. It is also not possible to readjust the device for connecting the shaft and hub due to the measured values.
    Disclosure of the invention
    It was therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for measuring the orientation of the axis of rotation of a shaft with respect to a reference surface, which allows accurate reproducible measurements with little expenditure of time.
    This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention and further advantageous features are indicated in the dependent claims.
    The method according to the invention describes a measurement of the orientation of the axis of rotation of a shaft with respect to a perpendicular to a reference surface of a rotor component connected to the shaft. The shaft has a measuring surface or is provided with a measuring surface which is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
    The method is characterized in that an optical autocollimator is used to measure the orientation of the axis of rotation of the shaft with respect to the reference surface. A rotor component connected to the shaft is aligned with the reference surface, so that a tilting of the axis of rotation of the shaft with respect to a rotation axis of the rotor component can be determined with the method according to the invention.
    An autocollimator is a measuring device that combines a collimator and a telescope. Both an aperture plane generated by a light source and an image plane are located in the focal plane of an autocollimator objective. The autocollimator projects the image of the diaphragm plane in the parallel beam path (collimated light) onto a reflective measuring surface, for example a mirror, which reflects the light beam back into the autocollimator. This creates the autocollimation image, which is projected onto the image plane by means of a semitransparent mirror / prism. Often, cross-slit diaphragms are provided in the diaphragm plane, providing a cross-shaped autocollimation image. If the reflective measuring surface lies exactly perpendicular to the optical axis of the autocollimator, the beam is thrown back into itself. If the reflective measuring surface is tilted by an angle α with respect to the optical axis, the reflected rays obliquely fall into the objective and are displayed on the image plane with a corresponding offset. The offset of the autocollimation image in the image plane is a measure of the change in the angular position of the reflective measuring surface with respect to the optical axis of the autocollimator.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor component is arranged on the reflective reference surface or even has a reflective reference surface. The reference surface may be aligned perpendicular to the optical axis of the autocollimator. Preferably, the rotor component is thereby aligned in relation to the reference surface so that the perpendicular of the reference surface is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor component. The parts to be measured must be aligned so that both the reference surface and the measuring surface of the shaft are at least partially disposed in the beam path of the autocollimator. Now, the tilt of the measuring surface of the shaft with respect to the reference surface can be determined by autocollimation and displayed on the image plane. This tilting can be evaluated either freely eye or in the image plane, an optical sensor can be arranged, which detects the Autokollimationsbild and forwards the acquired data to an evaluation, in the evaluation can on the basis of the optical offset of the Autokollimationsbildes the tilt of the measuring surface with respect the reference area will be calculated.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, a reflecting surface is used as the reference surface, on which the rotor component is aligned in the correct position. Preferably, a plane mirror is used as the reference surface, for example a magnetic storage disk onto which the rotor component to be measured is placed with a bearing surface. In a rotor component, such as e.g. used in the hard disk drive, this may be a discard storage area for the storage disks. Alternatively it can be used as a reflective reference surface, a corresponding reflective surface of the rotor component itself, such as the Diskauflage opposite side of the rotor component. • · • · • ·
    * * J I ft *
    The measuring surface may be a reflecting end face of the shaft, which is ground perpendicular to the shaft axis. If the shaft has no reflecting surface, a reflecting element applied to the end face of the shaft, for example a plane mirror, can be used as measuring surface. Also other reflective elements, such as e.g. Prisms, are usable as a reference surface. These are connected by suitable measures with the shaft and aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
    The method according to the invention is based on laying the rotor component connected to the shaft onto a reflective reference surface or using the rotor component itself as a reflecting reference surface. The reference surface is preferably adjusted perpendicular to the optical axis of the autocollimation telescope. A tilt of the reference surface to this optical axis is detected directly by the measuring method and can be corrected.
    Now, a measurement can be made, wherein a tilt of the axis of rotation of the shaft is measured by a measuring surface is illuminated on the shaft. The surface finish of a metallic turned or ground shaft can be sufficiently good that the shaft itself can be used as a reflective measuring surface. If the surface quality is poorer, a plane mirror, which is applied to the end face of the shaft, can be used as the measuring surface.
    With the autocollimation measurement method, therefore, a tilt of a shaft pressed into a rotor component can be measured. With this simple design, a rotor component with a shaft inserted can be tested for tilting within fractions of a second within fractions of a second.
    An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing figure. This results in further features and advantages of the invention.
    Description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    FIG. 1 schematically shows an autocollimation measuring device for measuring the tilting of the axis of rotation of a shaft with respect to the axis of rotation of a rotor component connected to the shaft.
    Figure 2 shows the device according to Figure 1, in which as
    Reference surface, a surface of the rotor component is used and as a measuring surface arranged on the shaft plane mirror.
    FIG. 3 shows a section through an arrangement of the rotor component and the shaft, wherein an additional component in the form of a prism, which forms the measuring surface, is fastened to the shaft.
    FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the arrangement according to FIG. 3.
    With reference to FIG. 1, the rotor component 10, in the form of, for example, a cup-shaped hub having a central opening 11, is mounted in the opening 11, so that a complete shaft-hub component, for example as a rotor for a locker motor. The shaft 12 is for example fluid-dynamically mounted in a bearing bore of a bearing bush 16 and has a stopper ring 14, which prevents the shaft 12 from falling out of the bearing bush 16. When assembling the shaft 12 with the rotor component 10, it is important that the axis of rotation 18 of the shaft 12 coincide as accurately as possible with the perpendicular to the reference surface 19 of the rotor component. If the shaft 12 is secured obliquely in the opening 11 of the rotor component 10, then a tilt angle oc results between the two axes 18, 19. However, such a tilt angle α should as far as possible be avoided or minimized in order to prevent a shock of the magnetic storage disks, e.g. to minimize a disk drive. The maximum allowable tilt angle α may be only a few angular seconds for spindle drives for spindle drives,
    For measuring the tilt angle ot, the method according to the invention can be used. Here, the rotor component 10 is placed on a reflective reference surface 20 and aligned so that the axis of rotation of the rotor component is parallel to the perpendicular 19 on the reference surface 20.
    For measuring the angle ct, an autocollimating telescope is used which comprises a series of components mounted in a tube or housing. The components are arranged along a mechanical and optical axis 34. The autocollimating telescope comprises a light source 24, a diaphragm 26, a beam splitter 28 and a lens 30 and an image plane 32 arranged transversely to the optical axis. The diaphragm 26 and the image plane 32 are arranged so that they are both in the focal plane of the objective 30 are located. The beam splitter 28 is formed as a prism or semitransparent mirror and leaves each half of the incoming light through and reflects the other half at an angle of 90 ° in the direction of the image plane 32nd
    The light beam emitted by the light source 24 through the aperture 26 passes through the beam splitter 28 and is directed by the objective 30 as a beam L1 in the direction of the reference surface 20. At the reference surface, the beam L1 is reflected and passes as a beam LT through the lens 30 back to the beam splitter, which deflects a portion of the beam in the direction of the image plane 32 and images on a pixel P1. It is advantageous, but not essential, for the perpendicular 19 to the reference surface 20 to be parallel to the optical axis 34 of the autocollimating telescope. If the vertical 19 does not coincide with the optical axis 34, then this is immediately apparent from the autocollimation image and can be taken into account in the calibration of the measuring device. Another beam L2 passes through the aperture 26 and the beam splitter 28 on the surface of the stopper ring 14 of the shaft 12, which is used as a measuring surface 22. If the shaft 12 or the axis of rotation 18 of the shaft 12 is tilted by a tilt angle α with respect to the vertical 19 of the reference surface 20, the beam L2 is not reflected back from the measuring surface 22, but also reflected in a tilt angle α and passes over the Lens 30 as a beam L2 'to the beam splitter 28, where it is deflected by 90 ° and imaged on a pixel P2, which is located at a distance ΔΥ from the pixel P1.
    FIG. 1a shows, for example, the intensity distribution of the pixels P1 and P2 thrown onto the image plane 32, which are not congruent due to the tilting about the angle α but have a corresponding offset ΔΥ.
    The distance ΔΥ of the two pixels P1 and P2 is directly dependent on the tilt angle a. Here, the relationship holds: a = arctan (ΔΥ / 2ί) »AY / 2f, where f represents the focal length of the objective 30.
    The evaluation of the distance .DELTA.Υ of the two pixels P1 and P2 on the image plane 32 can manually, d. H. by a user, who reads the value ΔΥ, for example, at a scale arranged on the image plane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the image plane 32 is formed by a sensor, for example a CCD image sensor. The output signals of the image sensor can be detected by an evaluation device and the distance .DELTA.Υ be determined automatically. Based on the above relationship, the angle a of the tilting of the axis of rotation of the shaft with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor element can then be calculated in the evaluation device and output to the user.
    With this absolute measurement of the angle α, the manufacturing process or connection process between the shaft and the rotor component can be corrected, so that tilting of the shaft with respect to the axis of the rotor component can be reduced to a tolerable value. The measurement of the tilt angle can be carried out very quickly and inexpensively, so that the method is also suitable for measuring a larger amount of components in a short time.
    Figure 2 shows the device of Figure 1, wherein like components are designated by the same reference numerals. It is therefore generally the description of Figure 1.
    In contrast to FIG. 1, a planar surface of the rotor component 10 is used as the reference surface 20 'in the test setup according to FIG. The reference surface 20 'on the rotor component is machined such that it runs as perpendicular as possible to the axis of rotation of the rotor component 10.
    As a measuring surface 22 'is a reflective component, such as a plane mirror 36 is used, which is placed perpendicular to the axis of rotation 18 of the shaft 12 on the end face of the shaft 12 and the stopper ring 14.
    FIG. 3 shows a section through an arrangement of the rotor component 10 and the shaft 12 fastened in the rotor component, corresponding to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. A bearing bush 16 is not shown.
    FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the arrangement.
    An additional component 38, for example in the form of a prism, is fastened to the shaft 12. The additional component 38 must be manufactured very accurately and aligned with the shaft, so that its upper end face, which is used as a measuring surface 22 '', with high accuracy perpendicular to the axis of rotation 18 of the shaft 12 extends. The measurement of the tilt angle α is now carried out with the aid of the measuring surface 22 " performed as described with reference to Figure 1.
    List of reference numerals 10 Rotor component 11 Opening 12 Shaft 14 Stopper ring 16 Bearing bush 18 Rotation axis (shaft) 19 Vertical to the reference surface 20,20 'Reference surface 22, 22', 22 " Measuring surface 23 bearing surface 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38
    Light source Aperture Beam splitter Lens Image plane Optical axis Planar mirror Additional component with end face perpendicular to the surface and reflecting L1 Light bundle (reference surface) L1 'Reflected light bundle (reference surface) L2 Light bundle (measuring surface) L2' Reflected light bundle (measuring surface) P1 P2 α ΔΥ
    Image of reference surface Image of measurement surface Tilt angle Distance
    claims:
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    ♦ * # * »Mft #» ··

    • · · * I »ΛΟ *

    GIBLER & POTH Patent Attorneys OEG Doiotbecrgasse 7 - A-1010 Vienna - patcnt @ aon, Tch +43 (1) 512 10 98 - Fax: +43 (1) 513 47 76 Claims 1. A method for measuring the orientation of the axis of rotation (18) of a Shaft (12) with respect to a vertical (19) to a reference surface (20, 20 ') of a rotor component (10) connected to the shaft (12), wherein the shaft (12) has a measuring surface (22) or with a measuring surface (22 ') is provided, which is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation (18) of the shaft (12), characterized in that by means of an autocollimator a tilt angle α between the rotation axis (18) and the vertical (19) is determined.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the steps: arranging the rotor component (10) in the measurement setup, aligning the rotor component (10) with a support surface (23) on the reference surface (20) or forming the reference surface (20 ') such that Parts of the reference surface (20, 20 ') and the measuring surface (22, 22') of the shaft in the beam path (L1, L2) of the autocollimator are arranged, measuring the tilting of the measuring surface (22, 22 ') of the shaft (12) with respect on the reference surface (20, 20 ') by evaluating an autocollimation image (P1, P2) on an image plane (32).
    [3]
    3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the reference surface (20, 20 ') is preferably arranged perpendicular to the optical axis (34) of the autocollimator.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as a reference surface (20) a reflective surface is used, on which the rotor component (10) is aligned in the correct position. > 14 * · · ·
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as a reference surface (20 '), a reflective surface of the rotor component (10) is used.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a reflective surface of the shaft is used as the measuring surface (22).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as a measuring surface (22 ') on the end face of the shaft (12) applied reflective element (36) is used.
    [8]
    8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the measuring surface (22 ") of an adapter (for example prism) oriented on the shaft surface is used as the measuring surface.
    [9]
    9. Use of the method according to claims 1 to 8 for the measurement of shaft-hub connections of spindle motors.

    The patent attorney GIBL & POT
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    同族专利:
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    AT510097B1|2012-11-15|
    引用文献:
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    DE102016217784A1|2016-09-16|2018-03-22|Xion Gmbh|calibration System|
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: MINEBEA MITSUMI INC., JP Effective date: 20180226 |
    2019-02-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20180618 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT10112010A|AT510097B1|2010-06-18|2010-06-18|METHOD FOR MEASURING THE ORIENTATION OF A SHAFT WITH RESPECT TO A REFERENCE SURFACE|AT10112010A| AT510097B1|2010-06-18|2010-06-18|METHOD FOR MEASURING THE ORIENTATION OF A SHAFT WITH RESPECT TO A REFERENCE SURFACE|
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